Darvocet or Percocet or Lortabs? @engrish_is_hard

[–] • 2 pts

Percocet Percocet is used as a pain reliever to treat moderate to severe pain (18).

It is sold under the following brand names: Endocet, Percocet, Primlev, Roxicet and Xartemis XR.

It is available as a pill (tablet).

Components Percocet is trade name for medicine composed of a combination of:

Oxycodone Oxycodone is a semi synthetic opioid. It is produced from thebaine, which is an opioid alkaloid present in poppy seed.

Mechanism of action:

Oxycodone exerts its analgesic effect by acting on k-opioid receptors. It increases tolerance to pain. After it binds to the opioid receptor, a G-protein complex is released, which blocks the release of neurotransmitters by the cell by reducing the amount of cAMP produced, closing the calcium channels, and opening the potassium channels (19).

Acetaminophen Acetaminophen’s analgesic action is weaker than that of oxycodone but it augments its therapeutic effect (20).

Mechanism of action:

The exact mechanism of action of acetaminophen by which it produces its analgesic and antipyretic effects remains largely unknown.

The key mechanism of action is believed to be inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), with a predominant effect on COX-2.

Inhibition of COX enzymes prevent break down of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, an unstable intermediate by product which is transformed to pro-inflammatory compounds.

In the central nervous system, inhibition of COX enzymes decreases concentrations of prostaglandin E2, which lowers the hypothalamic set-point to reduce fever, and activation of descending inhibitory serotonergic pathways to produce analgesia.

Adverse effects Adverse effects caused by use of Percocet are as follows (21):

General General side effects of Percocet are as follows: Abdominal or stomach pain Black, tarry stools Chills Dark urine Dizziness Fever Headache Itching Light-colored stools Loss of appetite Nausea Rash Unpleasant breath odor Unusual tiredness or weakness Vomiting of blood Yellow eyes or skin Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal side effects of Percocet are as follows: Acute biliary pain Nausea Vomiting Constipation Cholestasis Dyspepsia Taste disturbance Flatulence Dry mouth Pancreatitis Hepatic Hepatic side effects include hepatic impairment which may occur after overdose. In this case, severe and sometimes fatal dose-dependent hepatitis has been reported. A number of cases of liver damage from chronic acetaminophen therapy at therapeutic doses have also been reported in spite of a lack of risk factors for toxicity.

Hepatotoxicity may be amplified by thyroid drugs, zidovudine, fasting, or alcohol use.

Alcoholic patients may develop liver disease after even modest doses of acetaminophen.

Nervous system

Side effects of Percocet on nervous system are as follows: Respiratory depression Drowsiness Sedation Dizziness Lightheadedness Anxiety Seizures Mental impairment Cerebral edema Renal Acetaminophen linked acute tubular necrosis is usually present in combination with liver failure, but has been observed as an isolated finding in rare cases. A likely elevation in the risk of renal cell carcinoma has been linked with prolonged acetaminophen use.

A study of patients with end-stage renal disease suggested that prolonged consumption of acetaminophen may considerably increase the risk of end-stage renal disease especially in patients taking more than two tablets per day.

Cardiovascular Hypotension is a commonly observed side effect of Percocet therapy.

Tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia, palpitations, dysrhythmias have also been observed.

Respiratory Respiratory side effects of Percocet include: Bronchospasm Dyspnea Hyperapnea Pulmonary edema Hypoventilation Laryngeal edema Hypersensitivity Percocet may cause the following hypersensitivity reactions: Acute anaphylaxis Angioedema Asthma Bronchospasm Uriticaria Hives Percocet interactions Oxycodone interactions Opioid pain killers may exaggerate the neuromuscular-blocking action of skeletal muscle relaxants and produce an increase in severity of respiratory depression (22).

Patients on central nervous system depressant therapy such as other opioid analgesics, general anesthetics, phenothiazines, other tranquilizers, centrally-acting anti-emetics, sedative-hypnotics or other CNS depressants including alcohol along with with Percocet tablets may display an additional central nervous system depression. When such combined therapy is inder consideration, the dose of one or both agents should be adjusted. The simultaneous administration of anticholinergics with opioids may produce paralytic ileus.

Agonist/antagonist analgesics such as pentazocine, nalbuphine, naltrexone, and butorphanol should be used with a lot of caution in a patient who has received or is receiving a potent opioid agonist such as oxycodone. These agonist or antagonist analgesics may reduce the pain relieving effect of oxycodone or may precipitate withdrawal symptoms.

Acetaminophen interactions Alcohol: Liver damage has occurred in chronic alcoholics after administration of moderate to excessive dosage of Percocet.

Anticholinergics: The analgesic effect of acetaminophen may be delayed or decreased slightly due to concurrent administration of anticholinergics and Percocet.

Oral contraceptives: Rise in glucuronidation causing increased plasma clearance and a decreased half-life of acetaminophen.

Percocet Percocet is used as a pain reliever to treat moderate to severe pain (18). It is sold under the following brand names: Endocet, Percocet, Primlev, Roxicet and Xartemis XR. It is available as a pill (tablet). Components Percocet is trade name for medicine composed of a combination of: Oxycodone Oxycodone is a semi synthetic opioid. It is produced from thebaine, which is an opioid alkaloid present in poppy seed. Mechanism of action: Oxycodone exerts its analgesic effect by acting on k-opioid receptors. It increases tolerance to pain. After it binds to the opioid receptor, a G-protein complex is released, which blocks the release of neurotransmitters by the cell by reducing the amount of cAMP produced, closing the calcium channels, and opening the potassium channels (19). Acetaminophen Acetaminophen’s analgesic action is weaker than that of oxycodone but it augments its therapeutic effect (20). Mechanism of action: The exact mechanism of action of acetaminophen by which it produces its analgesic and antipyretic effects remains largely unknown. The key mechanism of action is believed to be inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), with a predominant effect on COX-2. Inhibition of COX enzymes prevent break down of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, an unstable intermediate by product which is transformed to pro-inflammatory compounds. In the central nervous system, inhibition of COX enzymes decreases concentrations of prostaglandin E2, which lowers the hypothalamic set-point to reduce fever, and activation of descending inhibitory serotonergic pathways to produce analgesia. Adverse effects Adverse effects caused by use of Percocet are as follows (21): General General side effects of Percocet are as follows: Abdominal or stomach pain Black, tarry stools Chills Dark urine Dizziness Fever Headache Itching Light-colored stools Loss of appetite Nausea Rash Unpleasant breath odor Unusual tiredness or weakness Vomiting of blood Yellow eyes or skin Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal side effects of Percocet are as follows: Acute biliary pain Nausea Vomiting Constipation Cholestasis Dyspepsia Taste disturbance Flatulence Dry mouth Pancreatitis Hepatic Hepatic side effects include hepatic impairment which may occur after overdose. In this case, severe and sometimes fatal dose-dependent hepatitis has been reported. A number of cases of liver damage from chronic acetaminophen therapy at therapeutic doses have also been reported in spite of a lack of risk factors for toxicity. Hepatotoxicity may be amplified by thyroid drugs, zidovudine, fasting, or alcohol use. Alcoholic patients may develop liver disease after even modest doses of acetaminophen. Nervous system Side effects of Percocet on nervous system are as follows: Respiratory depression Drowsiness Sedation Dizziness Lightheadedness Anxiety Seizures Mental impairment Cerebral edema Renal Acetaminophen linked acute tubular necrosis is usually present in combination with liver failure, but has been observed as an isolated finding in rare cases. A likely elevation in the risk of renal cell carcinoma has been linked with prolonged acetaminophen use. A study of patients with end-stage renal disease suggested that prolonged consumption of acetaminophen may considerably increase the risk of end-stage renal disease especially in patients taking more than two tablets per day. Cardiovascular Hypotension is a commonly observed side effect of Percocet therapy. Tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia, palpitations, dysrhythmias have also been observed. Respiratory Respiratory side effects of Percocet include: Bronchospasm Dyspnea Hyperapnea Pulmonary edema Hypoventilation Laryngeal edema Hypersensitivity Percocet may cause the following hypersensitivity reactions: Acute anaphylaxis Angioedema Asthma Bronchospasm Uriticaria Hives Percocet interactions Oxycodone interactions Opioid pain killers may exaggerate the neuromuscular-blocking action of skeletal muscle relaxants and produce an increase in severity of respiratory depression (22). Patients on central nervous system depressant therapy such as other opioid analgesics, general anesthetics, phenothiazines, other tranquilizers, centrally-acting anti-emetics, sedative-hypnotics or other CNS depressants including alcohol along with with Percocet tablets may display an additional central nervous system depression. When such combined therapy is inder consideration, the dose of one or both agents should be adjusted. The simultaneous administration of anticholinergics with opioids may produce paralytic ileus. Agonist/antagonist analgesics such as pentazocine, nalbuphine, naltrexone, and butorphanol should be used with a lot of caution in a patient who has received or is receiving a potent opioid agonist such as oxycodone. These agonist or antagonist analgesics may reduce the pain relieving effect of oxycodone or may precipitate withdrawal symptoms. Acetaminophen interactions Alcohol: Liver damage has occurred in chronic alcoholics after administration of moderate to excessive dosage of Percocet. Anticholinergics: The analgesic effect of acetaminophen may be delayed or decreased slightly due to concurrent administration of anticholinergics and Percocet. Oral contraceptives: Rise in glucuronidation causing increased plasma clearance and a decreased half-life of acetaminophen. [REFERENCE](https://medlicker.com/1019-dilaudid-vs-percocet-vs-darvocet)

link

(post is archived)